四川扎如沟旅游资源开发初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蹇代君 《四川地质学报》2005,25(1):27-30

扎如沟是九寨沟的一条支流，位于九寨沟东北角偏北方向，它以其丰富的自然和人文资源，良好的区位优势，成为九寨沟下一步最具有开发价值的区域。详细阐述了扎如沟现有的资源优势，提出了统一规划，分步实施，突出特色，突出主题，实施品牌战略，开发与保护并重的资源开发总体思路，并给出了一系列切实可行的旅游产品设计方案。  相似文献   

大渡河次级支流斯合沟泥石流特征研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

王小群  王兰生  李天斌  赵其华 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(1):28-32

泥石流作为地质环境较差、的山区的主要自然灾害之一，对它的研究尤其是泥石流规律方面的研究已取得了较大的成绩。但是对于泥石流的研究思路却有待进一步发展和完善，这在很大程度上将对山区的工程建设有很重要的指导意义。论文从工程地质研究思路的角度出发，对位于大渡河支流官料河上某水电站下闸址区的斯合沟泥石流进行了研究。文中采用工程地质分析的方法对大渡河次级支流斯台沟泥石流的形成环境(地层岩性条件、构造条件、地貌条件、气象条件、植被发育及人类活动)、基本特征(泥石流沟的基本特征、泥石流的堆积特征)进行了系统的研究，提出了该泥石流的形成演化过程及其机制模型(初期是堰塞式沟谷型泥石流，后期逐渐转向汇聚式沟谷型泥石流)。并在此基础上对泥石流沟沿岸的岸坡稳定性(可能泥石流的物源)等进行了评价分析。将定性分析和定量分析相结合，对泥石流的活动趋势以及可能泥石流的体积(未来泥石流形成将主要是在面蚀和沟蚀作用下的坡面泥石流。泥石流规模较小，且由于沟谷中下游坡降的进一步减缓，形成的泥石流物质一般将沿途停积．实际进入官料河内的体积很小)做出了较为科学的评价预测。经过这样的系统分析对工程建设中的泥石流防治有着积极的指导意义。  相似文献   

Sediment concentration changes in runoff pathways from a forest road network and the resultant spatial pattern of catchment connectivity   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Jacky Croke  Simon Mockler  Peter Fogarty  Ingrid Takken 《Geomorphology》2005,68(3-4):257-268

Hydrological connectivity is a term often used to describe the internal linkages between runoff and sediment generation in upper parts of catchments and the receiving waters. In this paper, we identify two types of connectivity: direct connectivity via new channels or gullies, and diffuse connectivity as surface runoff reaches the stream network via overland flow pathways. Using a forest road network as an example of a landscape element with a high runoff source strength, we demonstrate the spatial distribution of these two types of linkages in a 57 km² catchment in southeastern Australia. Field surveys and empirical modelling indicate that direct connectivity occurs primarily due to gully development at road culverts, where the average sediment transport distance is 89 m below the road outlet. The majority of road outlets were characterised by dispersive flow pathways where the maximum potential sediment transport distance is measured as the available hillslope length below the road outlet. This length has a mean value of 120 m for this catchment. Reductions in sediment concentration in runoff plumes from both pathways are modelled using an exponential decay function and data derived from large rainfall simulator experiments in the catchment. The concept of the volume to breakthrough is used to model the potential delivery of runoff from dispersive pathways. Of the surveyed road drains (n=218), only 11 are predicted to deliver runoff to a stream and the greatest contributor of runoff occurs at a stream crossing where a road segment discharges directly into the stream. The methodology described here can be used to assess the spatial distribution and likely impact of dispersive and gullied pathways on in-stream water quality.  相似文献   

Effects of initial step height on the headcut erosion of bank gullies: a case study using a 3D photo-reconstruction method in the dry-hot valley region of southwest China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Baojun Zhang  Zhengan Su  Dan Yang  Yifan Dong  Liang Xiao 《自然地理学》2016,37(6):409-429

Abstract

Headcut erosion has been recognized as one of the main processes involved in gully development in the dry-hot valley region of southwest China. To examine the effect of initial step height on headcut erosion processes, three headcuts were constructed ranging in height from 0.75 to 1.25 m on an active bank gully head, and a series of scouring experiments were conducted under a flow discharge of 120 L min^?1. The morphological evolutions of the plunge pools and soil loss volume were estimated by three-dimensional photo-reconstruction methods (3D-PR). As the step height increased, the experimental results showed that: (1) the transformed potential energy and shear stress would increase by approximately 4.89 J s^?1 and 26.4 Pa on average when the step height increased 0.25 m; (2) the mean depth and width of the plunge pool exhibited obvious growth, and the morphology of the cross-section developed from approximately V-shaped to U-shaped; and (3) soil loss volume increased logarithmically, with total soil loss volumes of 0.076, 0.105 and 0.116 m³, respectively. Although the significant effects of the initial step height on headcut erosion were verified, further quantitative studies are required to quantify the mechanism of headcut erosion, especially for plunge pool erosion.  相似文献   

Within-storm variations in runoff and sediment export from a rapidly eroding coal-refuse deposit     

Laurence C. Smith  Greg A. Olyphant 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1994,19(4):369-375

Measurements of rainfall, runoff and sediment export from a barren deposit of coal mine refuse in south-western Indiana were collected during three storms in the summer and autumn of 1990. Interfluve sheetwash, sediment mass flux, sediment concentration and, to a lesser extent, trunk gully discharge all responded quickly to changes in rainfall intensity. Grain-size distributions varied considerably during storms, containing exclusively fine-grained sediment at low sediment discharges but very large quantities of coarse (> 2mm) sediment at peak sediment discharges. Although data from a fairly long, multipulsed storm indicate that sediment production is limited by supply, the imbricated layer of flat chips that exists at the surface of the deposit is apparently mobilized during most high-intensity pulses of rainfall, thereby producing large volumes of coarse sediment during summer thunderstorms.  相似文献   

准格尔丘陵沟壑区五分地沟流域土地覆盖分析(英文)     

仝川  龚建周  贾钧  李慧 《福建地理》2007,(1)

以准格尔丘陵沟壑区五分地沟流域为研究区,应用彩红外航片和IKONOS卫星影像,绘制了1987、2002年土地覆盖/植被类型图,并数字化基于地面土地利用调查绘制的1979年土地利用图.利用景观格局指数,评价了研究区土地覆盖/植被空间格局现状及土地覆盖类型动态变化;并以ETM 数据为信息源,绘制了2002年土地覆盖/植被类型图.研究表明:2002年研究区土地覆盖/植被呈现出一个耕地、草地、人工乔木林和人工灌木林以及种植稀疏灌木的草地高度镶嵌的景观格局特征;20年内土地覆盖类型发生了显著的变化,景观异质性增强.基于研究区景观的高度破碎化,绘制小流域精细尺度土地覆盖图,高空间分辨率遥感数据十分必要.  相似文献   

西藏波密县古乡沟泥石流模型试验中的模型砂配制     

何淑芬  吕娟  刁惠芳 《山地学报》2007,25(6):747-752

对西藏古乡沟泥石流模型试验中的模型砂配制进行了研究,旨在保证模型试验的合理性和科学性,从而为泥石流灾害防治工程提供可靠的设计依据。通过对泥石流形成区和堆积区样品的粒径分析,根据模型试验的目的和条件,选定模型的几何比尺为1∶100,但模型砂的配制采用泥砂分段模拟法,原型中小于0.1 mm的颗粒不缩小,仍按重量百分比配制;原型中大于0.1 mm的颗粒按相似比尺缩小后用小于0.1 mm模型砂代替。并通过模型样品的选用和粒径组合对泥石流体以及堆积扇的模型砂配制过程进行了详细的分析研究,使模型试验获得了比较好的结果。  相似文献   

准格尔丘陵沟壑区五分地沟流域土地覆盖分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

仝川  龚建周  贾钧  李慧 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2007,2(1):6-20

以准格尔丘陵沟壑区五分地沟流域为研究区,应用彩红外航片和IKONOS卫星影像,绘制了1987、2002年土地覆盖/植被类型图,并数字化基于地面土地利用调查绘制的1979年土地利用图.利用景观格局指数,评价了研究区土地覆盖/植被空间格局现状及土地覆盖类型动态变化;并以ETM 数据为信息源,绘制了2002年土地覆盖/植被类型图.研究表明:2002年研究区土地覆盖/植被呈现出一个耕地、草地、人工乔木林和人工灌木林以及种植稀疏灌木的草地高度镶嵌的景观格局特征;20年内土地覆盖类型发生了显著的变化,景观异质性增强.基于研究区景观的高度破碎化,绘制小流域精细尺度土地覆盖图,高空间分辨率遥感数据十分必要.  相似文献   

LANDFORM MORPHOLOGIC RELATIONS BETWEEN INTER-GULLIED AND GULLIED LAND AREAS--A CASE STUDY OF THE WANGJIAGOU WATERSHED IN THE WEST OF SHANXI PROVINCE     

Hao CHEN  Hai-yan FANG  Qiang-guo CAI  Guang-lin LIANG  Zong-qi YUE 《国际泥沙研究》2006,21(1)

Previous studies on erosional relations between inter-gullied and gullied lands have mainly concentrated on exploration of water and sediment relations, with few quantitative studies of evolution relations between inter-gullied land and gullied landform erosion in small catchments. This paper, using information from a 1:5000 digital orthophotomap (DOM), digital elevation model(DEM), and topographic map of the same period and of the same scale, quantitatively analyzes the impact and interactions of inter-gullied and gullied land geomorphologic characteristics on the dissected extent of a catchment using orthogonal polynomial regression analysis. Results indicate that gullies play a leading role in the catchment morphologic evolution and extent of cracked ground surface. When inter-gullied land areas are the same, a 0. 1 km2 gullied land area has the maximum effect on the erosive evolution intensity of the catchment cracked degree. The smaller the catchment area is, the greater the extent of cracked ground surface and gully intensity would be. The geomorphologic evolution mechanism of gullied catchments can be explained as a function of geomorphologic indicators of inter-gullied and gullied land characteristics.  相似文献   

Fine root distribution pattern of different aged Leucaena leucocephala trees in debris flow source area in Jiangjia Gully,China     

Ling-hui Guo  Dao-jie Wang  Xiang-min Sun  Dong Chen  Xiao-yan Chen 《山地科学学报》2014,11(4):941-949

Fine root is critical to restrain soil erosion and its distribution pattern is of great influence on the restraining effects. This study studied the fine root biomass(Br) distribution of different aged Leucaena leucocephala(5, 10, 15 years) in debris flow source area in Jiangjia Gully by digging downward to the bottom at different distances to stem in three directions on slope. The results showed the Br increased dramatically by 143% from 5 years to 10 years and then rose slowly by 38% from 10 years to 15 years. The Br of 5 years was significantly asymmetric between uphill and alonghill directions, but there was little difference among directions for other ages, and a concentration trend appeared to exist in downhill and alonghill directions. Moreover, fine root(D≤1 mm) was significantly heavier than that of fine root(1mmD≤2 mm), playing a leading role in the vertical distribution of the whole fine root, with a logarithmic or an exponential function. The results presented may shed light on fine root distribution pattern and evaluation of its effect on slope stability in debris flow source area.  相似文献